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1 9 3 9
September
3rd – RESOLUTION
(Captain C H Knox-Little RN) Flag Ship of 3rd Battle Squadron (Rear Admiral
Lancelot E Holland) with battleship REVENGE, aircraft carrier HERMES and
cruisers CARADOC and CERES all at Portland where they formed Channel Force. Also
at Portland were the18thDF destroyers ACHATES, ACHERON, AMAZON, ANTHONY, ARDENT
and ARROW.
(The task
of Channel Force was to protect the cross channel convoys carrying the BEF
and its equipment and supplies to France. The first convoy sailed on 9/9/39)
5th – Destroyers
ANTELOPE and KEMPENFELT arrived at Portland.
6th – HERMES
escorted by KEMPENFELT, ACHATES, AMAZON, ANTELOPE and ARDENT sailed from
Portland.
9th – HERMES
escorted by Destroyers ILEX, IMOGEN and ISIS arrived at Portland.
10th - HERMES
escorted by ILEX, IMOGEN and ISIS sailed from Portland.
11th – CARADOC
and CERES sailed from Portland.
(From
3/9/39 to 1/10/39 the Admiralty had no knowledge of any German raiders being
at sea. On 1/10/39 the Admiralty received information from the survivors of
the 5051grt SS CLEMENT that she had been sunk off Pernambuco, Brazil on
30/9/39by the German panzerschiffe Admiral Scheer. [In fact it was the
ADMIRAL GRAF SPEE, sailed 20/8/39 from Wilhelmshaven, who had disguised
herself as ADMIRAL SCHEER]. Immediately the Admiralty put in hand measures
to catch/ neutralize the raider’s activity. One of which was to provide
strong escorts for convoys in the South Atlantic)
October
1st – RESOLUTION
and REVENGE were nominated to join South Atlantic Command at Freetown for convoy
duties.
(At
1100/5/10/39a raider signal was received from the 5044 grt SS STONEGATE
stating she was being attacked by a German raider 600 miles east of Bermuda.
[This was the German panzerschiffe DEUTSCHLAND, sailed 24/8/39 from
Wilhelmshaven] The news immediately caused the Admiralty to reconsider its
orders for RESOLUTION and REVENGE)
5th – Orders to
move to South Atlantic Command cancelled and RESOLUTION and REVENGE were
nominated for convoy duty in the North Atlantic based at Halifax.
(On the
26/9/39 Sir John Simon the Chancellor of the Exchequer wrote to Winston
Churchill the First lord of the Admiralty that it was essential to ship gold
to the value of £40M to North America. To pay for raw materials and
armaments from the USA that now that Great Britain was at war would only be
supplied on a cash and carry basis. Churchill who was concerned about the
desperate shortage of warships suggested that the gold should be shipped in
fast merchant ships. [But this raised the spectre of the AMC LAURENTIC that
on 25/1/17, en route to Halifax, had been mined and sunk off Loch Swilly
with 43 tons of gold bullion on board worth £5M] The decision was taken on
1/10/39 that the cruisers EMERALD and ENTERPRISE would be utilised to carry
£4M in gold bullion to Halifax and they were ordered to Plymouth where they
arrived at 2318/3/10/39. With the change of orders for RESOLUTION and
REVENGE the decision was taken that they also would each carry £2M in gold
bullion to Halifax )
6th – RESOLUTION
and REVENGE went alongside in Portland.
Late in the evening railway wagons containing 26 boxes of gold bullion, each box
containing gold worth about £13500.00 and weighting 130 pounds, was moved
alongside each ship and the boxes loaded on board the battleships, 148 boxes per
ship.
7th – At 0930
hours RESOLUTION and REVENGE escorted by destroyers VOLUNTEER, WITHERINGTON and
WOLVERINE sailed from Portland.
At 1910 hours, east of the Lizard they were joined by cruisers EMERALD and
ENTERPRISE, each carrying £2M in gold bullion, aircraft carrier HERMES and
cruiser CARADOC and destroyers INGLEFIELD and IVANHOE.
8th – At 0300
hours aircraft carrier HERMES and cruiser CARADOC detached for Brest
10th – At 0745
hours CARADOC rejoined.
At 1400 hours INGLEFIELD, IVANHOE, VOLUNTEER, WITHERINGTON and WOLVERINE
detached.
15th – South of
Newfoundland the destroyers HMCS FRAZER and ST LAURENT joined the force.
16th – At 0900
hours the force arrived at Halifax where the gold bullion was off-loaded for
shipment to Ottawa.
On arrival Rear Admiral Lancelot E Holland flying his flag In RESOLUTION became
commander of the Halifax Escort Force.
25th – At 0800
hours convoy HX 6 sailed from Halifax escorted by RESOLUTION, FRAZER and ST
LAURENT.
27th - FRAZER
and ST LAURENT detached from HX 6.
November
6th – Convoy HX
6 was joined by destroyers WARWICK and WHIRLWIND from convoy OB 29 and
destroyers GIPSY, GLOWWORM, GRENADE and GRENVILLE from Plymouth.
7th – RESOLUTION
escorted by GRENVILLE and GRENADE detached from convoy HX 6
9th –
RESOLUTION, GRENVILLE and GRENADE arrived at Plymouth.
December
10th – Sailed
from Halifax in company with Battlecruiser REPULSE, aircraft carrier FURIOUS,
cruiser EMERALD and destroyers HMCS FRASER, OTTAWA, RESTIGOUCHE and ST LAURENT
escorting convoy TC1 which consisted of 5 troopships carrying 7450 Canadian
troops.
11th - FRASER,
OTTAWA, RESTIGOUCHE and ST LAURENT detached and returned to Halifax.
17th – At 1200
hours convoy TC 1 and escort arrived in the Clyde.
23rd – Sailed
from the Clyde escorted by destroyers ILEX, KASHMIR and KINGSTON to RV with
Canadian troop convoy TC 2.
25th – 300 miles
west of Malin Head RESOLUTION provided cover for convoy TC 2 which comprised 7
troopships carrying 8152 troops. Her escort destroyers detached and joined
convoy TC 2. RESOLUTION proceeded independently to Halifax.
1 9 4 0
January
6th – At 0900
hours convoy HX 15 sailed from Halifax escorted by RESOLUTION and destroyers
HMCS FRASER and RESTIGOUCHE.
7th - FRASER and
RESTIGOUCHE detached from HX 15.
18th –
RESOLUTION detached from HX 15 for Plymouth.
19th – Arrived
at HM Dockyard, Devonport where she was taken in hand for a refit.
February
Under refit at
Devonport.
March
Under refit at
Devonport.
April
Post-refit
trials at Devonport.
10th –
RESOLUTION sailed from Plymouth escorted by destroyers ANTELOPE and WITCH.
12th -
RESOLUTION, ANTELOPE and WITCH arrived in the Clyde.
22nd – At 1200
hours RESOLUTION escorted by destroyers BASILISK, HESPERUS and WREN sailed from
Greenock for the Narvik area to relieve the battleship WARSPITE.
25th – In
position 66-34N, 07-34E RESOLUTION and her escorts passed battleship WARSPITE
and destroyers FOXHOUND, HAVOCK, HERO and HOSTILE who were heading south
returning to Scapa.
26th – At 1615
hours RESOLUTION and her destroyers arrived off Harstad.
(Harstad
is on the north east coast of the Island of Hinnoya and had been established
as a base for the capture of Narvik, which was 40 miles to the south east.
Port facilities were completely lacking, and Harstad afforded transports and
supply ships little more than an anchorage. The operation to capture Narvik
had started on 13/4/40 with a landing at Sjovegan which is 57½miles north of
Narvik by road.)
27th – Anchored
off Harstad where she was used as Base Ship for the support of landing
operations and to provide AA cover for shipping in the anchorage.
(Shiprights
from RESOLUTION went to Skifjordveien, on the east coast of Vestvagoy
Island where the damaged destroyer ESKIMO was lying, after having had her
bow blown off in the Second Battle of Narvik. They made her watertight by
filling the forward section with concrete)
May
1st – Operating
in Ofotfjord with cruisers EFFINGHAM (with
Admiral of
the Fleet
William Henry Dudley Boyle, 12th Earl of Cork and Orrery, CinC Norway, embarked)
and AURORA. Carried out a bombardment of the Ankenes area, this area is at the
head of Beisfjord, opposite Narvik. The bombardment was part of the 'softening
up' of German resistance in preparation for the allied amphibious assault on
Narvik proposed for 8/5/40, which was subsequently abandoned.
(On 2-4
May, the allied forces evacuated southern Norway. This made the capture of
Narvik as a somewhat pointless exercise since they could never retake
southern Norway and they could not possibly hold out in northern Norway even
if Narvik were taken. However the allies decided to go ahead with the
capture of Narvik to destroy its port to prevent supplies of Swedish iron
from reaching Germany through Narvik)
3rd –
RESOLUTION, EFFINGHAM and the Polish destroyers ORP GROM and BLYSKAWICA carried
out a bombardment of Ankenes. Both destroyers were slightly damaged by return
fire.
4th – At 0900
hours RESOLUTION was lying off Skjomenfjord, 6 miles west of Narvik. Where she
received the survivors from the ORP GROOM that had been bombed and sunk in
Rombaksfjord by a high level He 111.
At 1200 hours the ORP BURZA came alongside and took off the Polish survivors and
wounded from RESOLUTION. When BURZA cast off RESOLUTION’s Royal Marine band were
assembled on the quarterdeck and played the Polish national anthem.
At 1500 hours RESOLUTION and AURORA carried out a bombardment of German
positions at Bjerkvik at the head of Herjangsfjord.
12th – Off
Ballangen, on the south shore of Ofotfjord 13½ miles west of Narvik, the
invasion force for the indirect assault on Narvik assembled. The force consisted
of RESOLUTION with 4 French Hotchkiss H 39 light tanks and 2 mechanised landing
craft (MLC’s) embarked, EFFINGHAM and AURORA with 1500 French Foreign
Legionnaires embarked, destroyers BASILISK, FAME, HAVELOCK with a French mortar
battery mounted on her forecastle, SOMALI and WREN, 4 assault landing craft (ALC)
each with 30 Legionnaires embarked and a MLC carrying a Hotchkiss H 39 tank.
13th – At 0001
hours, fully light in those latitudes, the bombardment of Bjerkvik began.
At 0100 hours the landing began with the discharge of the tank from the MLC and
the 120 Legionnaires from the 4 ALC’s. The plan called for the tanks from
RESOLUTION to be landed first but her crew had difficulty in hoisting out the
tanks into the MLC’s, They eventually struggled ashore where they did good work
in silencing the enemy machine guns.
At 0200 hours the bombardment was checked.
At 0300 hours the bombardment re-commenced to give cover for the second wave.
From 0440 hours 800 squadron Skuas from aircraft carrier ARK ROYAL were over
head to provide cover for the assault force. Unusually for the Norwegian
campaign the Luftwaffe did not put in an appearance during this operation.
At 1830 hours RESOLUTION, EFFINGHAM, repair ship VINDICTIVE, BASILISK, FAME,
HAVELOCK, SOMALI and WREN commenced Operation OB the bombardment of Narvik.
Aircraft from ARK ROYAL also took part.
14th – At 1400
hours RESOLUTION was in Ofotfjord off Narvik under attack from He111’s when
Skuas from ARK ROYAL arrived and drove the He111,s off.
16th – At 1130
hours RESOLUTION was anchored at Tjeldsund, approximately 30½ miles north west
of Narvik, when she was hit and badly damaged by a 1000kg bomb dropped by a
Ju88
aircraft of II/KG 30. The bomb hit the starboard side of the quarterdeck and
penetrated three decks before detonating in the Marines messdeck. One rating was
killed, another died of his wounds the next day and 22 Marines and 4 ratings
were wounded. The structural damage was slight and was repaired temporarily by
the ship’s staff and she remained operational.
18th - Released
from operations in Norway because of vulnerability to air attacks. The CinC
Narvik,
Admiral of the Fleet
the 12th Earl of Cork and Orrery, requested that RESOLUTION be at call for 10
days to return to Norwegian waters.
19th – Sailed
for Scapa.
21st – At 1040
hours RESOLUTION arrived at Scapa.
28th – At 2128
hours the CinC Narvik requested the return of RESOLUTION. The request was denied
by the Admiralty on the grounds that it was not justified to send her without
and escort and the CinC Home Fleet could not provide one.
June
2nd – At Scapa
Captain C H Knox-Little RN left and was replaced by Captain Oliver Bevir RN
4th – At 1312
hours RESOLUTION departed Scapa Flow for Gibraltar escorted by destroyers
VISCOUNT, WOLVERINE and WITHERINGTON. (This deployment was in response to the
deteriorating situation with Italy)
5th – At 1400
hours at 13W the destroyers detached and returned to Scapa Flow.
8th – In
position 300 miles west of Vigo RESOLUTION was joined by destroyer VELOX. Later
destroyer ACTIVE joined.
10th –
RESOLUTION escorted by ACTIVE and VELOX arrived at Gibraltar.
23rd – At
Gibraltar where at 0800 hours she was joined by the Battlecruiser HOOD, aircraft
carrier ARK ROYAL and destroyers FAULKNOR, FEARLESS, FOXHOUND and ESCAPADE.
28th – At
Gibraltar where she was nominated to form part of the detached squadron, Force H
under the command of Vice Admiral Sir James Somerville.
30th – At 1745
hours the cruiser ARETHUSA arrived at Gibraltar with Vice Admiral Sir James F
Somerville embarked. Vice Admiral Somerville then transferred his flag to the
HOOD as CinC Force H.
Later HM Battleship VALIANT and HM Destroyers ESCORT, FORESIGHT and FORESTER
arrived at Gibraltar to join Force H.
(The
Admiralty terms of reference for Force H were; a, Prevent units of the
Italian Fleet breaking out of the Mediterranean; b, To carry out offensive
operations against the Italian Fleet and the Italian coast)
July
2nd - At 1500
hours Force H destroyers, ACTIVE, ESCORT, FAULKNOR, FEARLESS, FORESIGHT,
FOXHOUND, KEPPEL, VORTIGERN, WATCHMAN and WISHART sailed from Gibraltar to carry
out an anti-submarine sweep in advance of the main force leaving harbour.
At 1700 hours Force H comprising HOOD, RESOLUTION, VALIANT, ARK ROYAL, ARETHUSA
and ENTERPRISE sailed from Gibraltar to carry out Operation CATAPULT.
(Operation
CATAPULT was resultant from the French surrender which took place on 25/6/40
and the wording of the surrender document relating to the French naval
forces which stated, 'The French fleet was to be assembled at ports under
Italian or German control and demilitarised'. This statement caused great
concern to the UK Government and they determined to ensure that the French
fleet would not be allowed to fall into enemy hands. Force H sailed to
enforce the UK Governments demands or sink the French warships at
Mers-el-Kebir)
3rd - At 0300
hours FOXHOUND was detached to proceed ahead with Captain Holland who was to
communicate the UK Government's message to Admiral Gensoul on his Flag Ship the
Battleship DUNKERQUE.
At 0910 hours Force H arrived off Oran.
At 1200 hours FOXHOUND proceeded out of the entrance of Mers-el-Kebir harbour
but remained in visual touch with HOOD and DUNKERQUE.
At 1725 hours Captain Holland left the DUNKERQUE his mission having failed.
At 1754 hours at a range of 17500 yards Force H opened fire on the French
warships.
At 1800 hours a full salvo from RESOLUTION hit the French Battleship BRETAGNE
with at least one shell penetrating her magazine.
At 1804 hours after 36 salvoes of 15inch Force H checked fire. This after the
BRETAGNE had blown up killing over 1000 of her crew, and the DUNKERQUE damaged.
At 1820 hours the French Battleship STRASBOURG and Destroyers KERSAINT, LYNX,
TERRIBLE, TIGRE and LYNX sailed from Mers-el-Kebir. (This force was later joined
by 6 destroyers from Oran).
At 1825 hours ARK ROYAL launched a strike of 6 Swordfish to attack STRASBOURG
without effect. The STRASBOURG force then made off at speed towards the east,
with Force H in pursuit.
At 1914 hours FORESTER picked up Captain Holland and proceeded after the main
force.
At 2020 hours the hot pursuit was abandoned, STRASBOURG at the time was about 25
miles ahead of HOOD, and RESOLUTION and VALIANT were falling behind.
At 2055 hours Swordfish from ARK ROYAL made a torpedo attack on STRASBOURG
without slowing her down.
Force H then chased after STRASBOURG at a speed of 18 knots, the speed was
governed by RESOLUTION's best speed.
4th - At 0400
hours Force H ran into fog and the planned strike at 0430 hours by 12 Swordfish
from ARK ROYAL was abandoned. Force H destroyers were now running low on fuel
and in consequence of this and the message received at 2250/3/7/40 to Flag
Officer, Force H had received from Admiral Gensoul stating that 'his ships were
hors de combat and that their personnel had been ordered to evacuate
them', Force H set course for Gibraltar.
At 1900 hours Force H arrived back at Gibraltar.
8th - At 0700
hours Force H comprising HOOD, RESOLUTION, VALIANT, ARK ROYAL, cruisers
ARETHUSA, DELHI, and ENTERPRISE escorted by destroyers FAULKNOR, FORESTER,
FOXHOUND, ESCORT, FEARLESS, ACTIVE, DOUGLAS, VELOX, VORTIGERN, and WRESTLER to
cover the Mediterranean Fleet. As a diversion for the convoys leaving Malta. ARK
ROYAL was to launch an air raid against Cagliari.
En route Force H was detected by Italian reconnaissance aircraft. Force H had
also been seen leaving Gibraltar and reported by Italian agents in Spain.
Between 1545 hours and 1840 hours Force H was attacked by 40 high level Savoia
SM 79 aircraft that dropped over 100 bombs. No hits were achieved but there were
several near misses. (The SM 79's had flown from the airfield at Villacidro,
near Cagliari)
The loss of surprise and the possibility of serious damage to the ARK ROYAL on
an operation that was only a diversion, led to Somerville abandoning the
operation.
At 2215 hours Force H reversed course and set course for Gibraltar.
9th - At 0215
hours ESCORT was torpedoed by the Italian submarine GUGLIELMO MARCONI.
At 0800 hours Force H arrived back at Gibraltar.
31st - At 0800
hours Force H comprising HOOD, RESOLUTION, VALIANT, aircraft carriers ARK ROYAL
and ARGUS, ARETHUSA, ENTERPRISE, escorted by destroyers ENCOUNTER, FAULKNOR,
FORESTER, FORESIGHT, FOXHOUND, FEARLESS, GALLANT, GREYHOUND, HOTSPUR and VELOX.
Sailed from Gibraltar to carry out Operation HURRY.
(Operation
HURRY was an operation to deliver 12 Hurricanes to Malta. These were carried
by ARGUS who had arrived at Gibraltar on 30/7/40)
August
1st - At 2045
hours, 100 miles south west of Majorca, Force H divided into two groups, Group 1
and Group 2.
Group 2
comprised
RESOLUTION, VALIANT, ARGUS, ARETHUSA, ENCOUNTER, FEARLESS,
GALLANT, GREYHOUND, HOTSPUR and VELOX.
Group 2 continued towards southern
Sardinia to fly off the Hurricanes.
Group 1 then
proceeded to a flying off position for aircraft from ARK ROYAL to carry out
Operation CRUSH, a diversionary air attack against Cagliari.
2nd - Between
0515 and 0600 hours in position 112 miles south west of Cape Spartivento light
house the 12 RAF Hurricanes with two Fleet Air Arm Skuas as escort, were flown
off to Malta. All Hurricanes arrived safely but one crashed on landing.
At 0530 hours Group 1 rejoined Group 2.
At 0700 hours, following the recovery of ARK ROYAL's aircraft, returning from
Operation CRUSH, Force H reversed direction and set course for Gibraltar.
4th - At 0600
hours Force H arrived back at Gibraltar.
28th - At
Gibraltar, she was nominated to take part in Operation MENACE.
(Operation
MENACE was approved by the War Cabinet on 27/8/40. It was an expedition to
capture and occupy Dakar in the French colony of Senegal. Charles de Gaulle
convinced the British Government that he only had to appear with a token
force at Dakar, and the populace and armed forces there would rally to him.
The British Government also considered occupation of Dakar necessary due to
its strategic importance to the North and South Atlantic shipping routes and
to forestall its use by Germany. The operation was to be carried out by a
joint Free French and British force. One of the little known reasons for
Great Britain being interested in Dakar was the existence of 1475 tons of
gold bullion [which broke down as 1200 tons French, 200 tons Belgian
and 75 tons Polish]. This gold had been sent to Dakar by the French
government just before the French capitulation. The British government was
desperate to ensure that the Vichy government didn't hand the gold over to
Germany)
September
6th - Sailed
from Gibraltar for Freetown as part of a Force M, comprising battleship BARHAM,
RESOLUTION, battlecruiser RENOWN, ARK ROYAL, and screened by destroyers FAULKNOR,
FORESIGHT, FORESTER, FORTUNE, FURY, GREYHOUND, ECLIPSE, ESCAPADE and INGLEFIELD.
(ECHO joined later after completing repairs at Gibraltar)
12th - At 1145
hours a Swordfish from ARK ROYAL made contact with convoy MP.
At 1700
hours ARK ROYAL screened by INGLEFIELD, ECHO, GREYHOUND, FORTUNE, ESCAPADE, and
ECLIPSE detached from Force M to RV with cruisers HMAS AUSTRALIA and DEVONSHIRE
(Flag of
CinC Force M Vice Admiral John Henry Dacres Cunningham)
from convoy MP, and cruiser CUMBERLAND to attempt to intercept a force of French
cruisers reported to heading for Dakar.
(This
deployment was to attempt to intercept the French Force Y, comprising the
Vichy light cruisers GEORGES LEYGUES, MONTCALM and GLOIRE escorted by the
large destroyers L' AUDACIEUX, Le FANTASQUE and Le MALIN. Force Y had
departed Toulon at 1600/ 9/9/40 for Libreville, Gabon. They called at
Casablanca to refuel. The three cruisers sailed from Casablanca at
0400/13/9/40 and proceeded to Dakar. The ARK ROYAL force failed to catch the
cruisers before they arrived at Dakar on the afternoon of 14/9/40. The news
of this deployment caused consternation to de Gaulle who believed that the
Vichy Government must know about the Anglo/French operation. Also if the
Vichy ships reached Dakar de Gaulle thought it most unlikely that they would
surrender to him, therefore, everything should be done to stop the cruisers
entering Dakar)
13th - At 1700
hours off the Cape Verde Islands Force M, less the ARK ROYAL force, RVed with
convoy MP from the UK. Convoy MP was escorted by the French sloops
FS COMMANDANT
DOMINE, COMMANDANT DUBOC and SAVORGNAN DE BRAZZA and French Trawler FS PRESIDENT
HOUDUCE.
14th - At 0730
hours INGLEFIELD, ECHO, GREYHOUND, FORTUNE, ESCAPADE, and ECLIPSE arrived at
Freetown..
At 0900 hours FAULKNOR, FORESIGHT, FORESTER, and FURY arrived at Freetown.
At 1215 hours convoy MP escorted by COMMANDANT DOMINE, COMMANDANT DUBOC,
SAVORGNAN DE BRAZZA, and PRESIDENT HOUDUCE arrived at Freetown.
At 1230 hours BARHAM and RESOLUTION arrived at Freetown.
15th - Early in
the morning Skuas from ARK ROYAL confirmed the presence of the cruisers GEORGES
LEYGUES, MONTCALM and GLOIRE at Dakar, together with the battleship RICHELIEU,
destroyers and submarines.
The cruiser CORNWALL arrived at Freetown from Simonstown.
16th - The ARK
ROYAL and destroyers INGLEFIELD, ESCAPADE, and FORTUNE arrived at Freetown.
17th - The
DEVONSHIRE, and HMAS AUSTRALIA, with FURY and ECHO arrived at Freetown.
18th - The
AUSTRALIA sailed from Freetown to relieve CUMBERLAND keeping watch off Dakar.
19th - Early in
the morning, 250 miles west of Freetown, AUSTRALIA sighted the French cruisers
GEORGES LEYGUES, MONTCALM and GLOIRE. (They were sailing south east for
Libreville having sailed from Dakar at 1800/18/9/40)
At 0515 hours FAULKNOR, FORESIGHT, FORESTER and GREYHOUND sailed from Freetown.
At 0530 hours BARHAM sailed from Freetown and joined the destroyers off the
harbour and course was set to intercept the French ships.
At 1621 hours the battleship and destroyers were recalled to Freetown.
In the evening Operation MENACE convoy MS of five mechanical transports OCEAN
COAST, NEVADE, CASANANCE, FORT LAMY, and ANADYR departed Freetown escorted by
Sloop BRIDGEWATER, boom defence vessel QUANNET, and the PRESIDENT HOUDACE.
At 2300 hours BARHAM, FAULKNOR, FORESIGHT, FORESTER and GREYHOUND arrived back
at Freetown.
20th - At
Freetown where a pre-operation conference was held on board BARHAM.
(The
conference concluded that the arrival of the cruisers at Dakar had nothing
to do with the operation and had not sufficiently increased the risks to
justify the abandonment of MENACE. The date for the attack was fixed for the
23/9/40)
21st -
At 0645 hours
DEVONSHIRE, FAULKNOR, FORESTER, FURY, sloop MILFORD, COMMANDANT DOMINE,
COMMANDANT DUBOC, and SAVORGNAN DE BRAZZA with transports ETTRICK, KENYA,
SOBIESKI, KARANJA, WESTERNLAND and PENNLAND and the food ship BELGRAVIAN
departed Freetown on Operation MENACE.
At 0930 hours ARK ROYAL, BARHAM, RESOLUTION, INGLEFIELD, FORTUNE, FORESIGHT,
GREYHOUND, ECHO, and ESCAPADE departed Freetown on Operation MENACE.
At 1430 hours cruiser CUMBERLAND departed Freetown on Operation MENACE.
22nd - Early in
the morning the MENACE convoys were joined at sea by CUMBERLAND and AUSTRALIA
and the cruiser DRAGON (DRAGON was a replacement for destroyer ECLIPSE which
developed engine problems).
23rd - At 0515
hours the heavy units of the MENACE force were 17 miles off Dakar and found the
Dakar area shrouded in a tropical fog.
(The
naval base of Dakar was well protected by shore batteries with two 240mm
guns at Cap Manuel and two 240mm guns at Bel Air Point. [The 3
cruisers had landed 120 coast gunners who took over the manning of the Cap
Manuel and Bel Air Point batteries from he crew of RICHELIEU] On the
Ile de Goree were mounted two 240mm, four 138.6mm and two 90mm guns. On the
Ile de Madeleine were four 138.6mm guns. At Yoff, near the Ouakam airfield
there were four 155mm guns. Around the bay at Rufisque there were two 95mm
guns. Plus the guns of the warships in harbour. The French made use
of colours to distinguish the spotting of their shell bursts. RICHELIEU
used yellow, the forts white, and the cruisers green and red. Also
based at the Ouakam airfield were Martin 167A-3 bombers and Curtis Hawk
75A-3 fighters)
At 0530 hours
the
SAVORGNAN DE BRAZZA detached from the force and moved towards Dakar. Off the Ile
de Goree she launched two motor boats carrying emissaries from de Gaulle under a
flag of truce. The mission failed and the boats made off under small arms fire.
At 0755 hours
the RICHELIEU opened fire on the SAVORGNAN DE BRAZZA followed shortly afterwards
by the battery on the Ile de Goree. Other batteries then opened spasmodic fire
on the shipping offshore.
At 1000 hours In
a momentarily clearance of the fog the shore battery at Cap Manuel opened fire
on BARHAM without scoring any hits.
At 1000 hours
ships were reported to be moving out of Dakar harbour. AUSTRALIA and CUMBERLAND
were ordered to turn back the Vichy destroyers and sloops. AUSTRALIA fired a
warning shot, they turned about and returned to harbour.
At 1005 hours
Admiral Cunningham signaled the Vichy batteries stating that if they continued
firing on his force he would be forced to return fire.
The Vichy answer was to
continue firing and signal back ordering the British to remove themselves
forthwith.
The BARHAM,
RESOLUTION, AUSTRALIA, CUMBERLAND and DEVONSHIRE then closed the range to 4000
yards and between 1100 and 1130 hours they bombarded the Vichy French warships
including the RICHELIEU in Dakar harbour and also the shore batteries at Cap
Manuel, RESOLUTION's prime target, and the Ile de Goree. During this short
bombardment BARHAM and RESOLUTION fired over 100 x 15" shells.
Early in the
bombardment
CUMBERLAND was hit in the engine room by a 240mm shell and was forced to retire
at 10 knots to Bathurst for repairs. FORESIGHT was hit by a 138.6mm shell that
passed right through her and DRAGON was damaged by shell splinters.
At 1140 hours
the bombarding force moved away to the south. As the bombarding force turned
away 2 shells fell close to AUSTRALIA.
At 1600 hours
aircraft reported an enemy destroyer in the Baie de Goree.
AUSTRALIA with destroyers
GREYHOUND and FURY
was detached to investigate.
At 1624 the
Vichy destroyer L'AUDACIEUX was in sight and AUSTRALIA opened fire at 1626
hours.
By 1630 hours
L'AUDACIEUX was on fire from stem to stern and was abandoned.
At 1640 hours
AUSTRALIA, GREYHOUND and FURY rejoined the battleships.
24th - At 0700
hours BARHAM, RESOLUTION, AUSTRALIA and DEVONSHIRE arrived off Dakar again the
weather was misty and their targets were obscured. Because of the mist the
planned long range bombardment was cancelled and the bombarding ships moved
closer inshore.
(The plan
was for the initial bombardment to be carried out from 26000 yards, which
was the maximum range at 20¼ elevation of the 15in guns mounted in BARHAM and
RESOLUTION. At this range it was hoped that they would be out of range of
the 240mm shore batteries but not the 380mm guns in RICHELIEU which had a
range of 45600 yards at 35¼ elevation)
At 0930 hours
from a range of 14000 yards the bombarding force opened fire again RESOLUTION's
primary target was the 240mm battery on the Ile de Goree.
At 0945 hours
RESOLUTION's 15in director broke down.
At 1030 hours
the bombarding force was the target for a high level bombing attack by Martin
167A-3 bombers.
At 1200 hours
after BARHAM and RESOLUTION had each fired 50 rounds of 15in shell and there had
been heavy expenditure of shell by AUSTRALIA and DEVONSHIRE fire was checked and
Admiral Cunningham carried out an assessment of the results obtained. The
conclusion was that little had been achieved and the decision was taken to
re-commence the bombardment.
At 1305 hours
the bombarding force again opened fire from 16000 yards on their allotted
targets. The return fire was accurate and RESOLUTION was straddled several times
but not hit. BARHAM and was hit by two shells causing slight damage.
At 1325 hours
the bombardment was checked and the bombarding force moved out to sea. An
assessment of the results was that despite the Battleships having fired 400
rounds of 15in shell little or no damage had been caused to the RICHELIEU or the
shore batteries.
25th - At 0600
hours in clear visibility BARHAM and RESOLUTION were again closing the coast to
take up there bombarding positions when at about 26000 yards from the coast they
came under fire from the 380mm guns of RICHELIEU.
At 0630 hours
the battleships opened fire RESOLUTION's target was again the Ile de Goree
battery.
At 0900 hours
they were ordered to execute a 70¼ turn together.
At 0910 hours as
RESOLUTION began to comply with the order and was turning under full helm the
Vichy submarine BEVEZIERS fired a salvo of 4 torpedoes from 2500 yards at
RESOLUTION, 3 missed but the fourth hit her on the port side amidships. This
immediately caused flooding in her port boiler-rooms and she instantly took on a
12¼ list to port and was down by the bow. Her main armament was rendered in
operative as the turrets jammed up. Her port 6-inch battery was also damaged by
the explosion. The list was bought under control by transferring fuel oil from
the port to starboard tanks and counter flooding. Electrical fires broke out in
several compartments and leaking fuel oil in A boiler room was ignited causing a
serious fire which was not discovered until an hour after the torpedo hit. As A
boiler room flooded, the fire extinguished itself. The resulting loss of power
immediately reduced her speed to 12 knots and shortly afterwards she was stopped
and drifting helplessly. No crew were lost in RESOLUTION.
(The
Vichy submarine BEVEZIERS had been in position since the early morning
awaiting the return of the bombarding force. Her positioning was due to
Admiral Landriau who calculated that the bombarding ships would approach
Dakar on the same course as the previous day
At 0913 hours
AUSTRALIA
was damaged by two 155mm shell hits, but the damage did not require her
withdrawal from the operation and there were no injuries to the crew.
At 0915 hours
BARHAM was hit in the bows by a 380mm shell from RICHELIEU.
At 0930 hours
Cunningham called off the attack.
At 1055 hours a
Martin 167A-3 bomber that had broken off from attacking the transports dropped a
bomb which near missed RESOLUTION.
By 1200 hours
the crew of RESOLUTION were slowly bringing the fires under control and reducing
the list. Fire fighting in the tropical heat in an old ship not equipped with
proper forced ventilation was an appalling experience requiring constant relief
of those carrying out the fire fighting. Slowly compartments where the fires
raged were sealed off and the fires quenched. The improvement in her situation
enabled her to work up 10 knots and head SSW escorted by BARHAM, DEVONSHIRE,
AUSTRALIA, FAULKNOR, FORESIGHT, FORESTER and INGLEFIELD.
At 1235 hours
her speed fell off to 5 knots.
At 1700 hours
FAULKNOR and FORESTER detached to join ARK ROYAL's screen.
(The
damage to RESOLUTION and the lack of progress in subduing Vichy opposition
led Cunningham to send a signal to London reporting the 'loss' of RESOLUTION
and his recommendation to call off Operation MENACE. Following a meeting of
the War Cabinet, Churchill signalled, at 1327hours; 'Unless something has
happened which we do not know, which makes you wish to attempt landing in
force, you should forthwith break off'. Cunningham signalled back; 'Concur
in breaking off'. So ended the debacle of Operation MENACE)
26th - At 0945
hours BARHAM took RESOLUTION, who was now very low in the water, in tow and they
set course for Freetown at a speed of 6 knots. They were escorted by cruisers
DEVONSHIRE
and DELHI, destroyers INGLEFIELD, ESCAPADE, GREYHOUND, FURY, FORESIGHT, sloops
BRIDGEWATER and MILFORD, and boom defence vessel QUANNET.
28th - At 0700
hours RESOLUTION under tow by BARHAM and escorted by
DEVONSHIRE, DELHI,
INGLEFIELD, ESCAPADE, GREYHOUND, FURY, FORESIGHT, BRIDGEWATER, MILFORD and
QUANNET arrived at Freetown.
Following RESOLUTION's arrival at Freetown
divers carried out a survey of the damage
and found a huge hole in her port side approximately 20 foot x 12 foot. Her
anti-torpedo bulge had been destroyed for a length of 50 foot and her double
bottom had a 30 foot gash. Temporary repairs, which included filling the hole
in the port side with concrete, were carried out at Freetown.
October
Under repair at
Freetown.
Whilst at
Freetown she had a change of commanding officers, Captain Arthur Robert Halfhide
RN CBE took over command.
November
Under repair at
Freetown.
December
8th - Sailed
from Freetown in company with
repair ship VINDICTIVE and
escorted by destroyers FORTUNE and FOXHOUND.
16th - Arrived
at Gibraltar with
VINDICTIVE, FORTUNE and FOXHOUND.
At Gibraltar further repairs were carried out.
1 9 4 1
January
Under repair at
Gibraltar.
February
23rd - Sailed
from Gibraltar for Portsmouth escorted by destroyers JERSEY, JUPITER, DUNCAN and
VELOX.
24th - DUNCAN
and VELOX detached and returned to Gibraltar.
30th - Arrived
off Portsmouth during a large air raid and had to anchor in Spithead until the
raid was over.
March
At Portsmouth.
Due to the
heavy bombing of Portsmouth no work was carried out
and the decision was taken to send her
to the United States for full repair and
refitting.
April
5th - Sailed
from the Clyde in company with destroyer LEGION, Polish destroyers ORP GARLAND
and PIORUN and French destroyer FS
LEOPARD escorting a troop convoy to
Iceland.
9th - Arrived at
Hvalfjord.
10th - Sailed
from Hvalfjord for Halifax in company with AMC DERBYSHIRE escorted by destroyers
ACTIVE and ECHO.
16th - Arrived
at Halifax.
17th - Sailed
from Halifax for Philadelphia.
20th - Arrived
at US naval dockyard Philadelphia.
(The
first 4 ex US Coastguard Cutters, BANFF, CULVER, FISHGUARD and HARTLAND were
handed over to the RN on 30/4/41 and Captain A.F.E. Pallister DSO RN the CO
of MALAYA, under repair at Brooklyn Navy Yard, accepted the cutters on
behalf of the RN. Some of the crews for the cutters were drawn from
RESOLUTION, MALAYA and ILLUSTRIOUS )
May
At US naval
dockyard Philadelphia.
12th - At US
naval dockyard Philadelphia where her refit was commenced.
(Ever
since Churchill had been the First Lord of the Admiralty in WW1 he
had sheared Admiral Fisher's plan to send a battleship squadron into the
Baltic [Operation CATHERINE].
When he again became First Lord in
September 1939 he again revived Operation CATHERINE. His idea centred on the
R class battleships which because of their slow speed and low endurance he
considered worthless for modern naval warfare. Every time he raised the
matter with the Admirals they put a myriad of objections so it never
proceeded beyond vague discussions and when Churchill became PM everyone
believed he had forgotten about CATHERINE. However, Churchill had not
forgotten about CATHERINE. Following the damage to RESOLUTION discussions
took place about the future of RESOLUTION. On 26/12/40 Churchill sent a
telegram to A V Alexander The First Lord of the Admiralty stating; -
"Provided that it can be arranged that four of the 15in can be cocked up
within six months from now, and all other repairs be completed, I agree to
abandon my long-cherished hope, in which I have been so continuously
frustrated, of making RESOLUTION into a effective fighting ship for inshore
action".
As a result
of Churchill's interest during the refit the four 15in guns in A and B turrets
had their elevation increased from 20¼ to 30¼ which increased their range to
approximately 32000 yards. Also during the refit she had two quadruple 2
pounder pom poms fitted, one on B turret and one on X turret and ten single
20mm Oerlikons fitted. The forward pair of 21"submerged torpedo tubes were
removed as was the quadruple .5"machine guns. Her Swordfish was replaced by
a Walrus)
June
- July
Refitting at US
naval dockyard Philadelphia.
August
Refitting at US
naval dockyard Philadelphia. Preparation for fitting latest radar equipment was
carried out during this period.
September
Refitting at US
naval dockyard Philadelphia.
16th - Refit
completed. Post refit trials.
(On the
22/9/41in response to Japanese movements in the Far East, particularly the
occupation of Saigon and Camranh Bay in Vichy Indo-China, the Admiralty
informed the US Naval Authorities that the battleships RAMILLIES, RESOLUTION
and ROYAL SOVEREIGN should be available for deployment within the Eastern
Theatre by the end of December)
October
Passage to
Devonport dockyard to complete installation of radars and other alterations not
possible in USA. The Radar outfits fitted were: Type 79 (Aircraft warning), Type
273 (Surface warning), Types
284 and 285 (main armament and anti-aircraft fire control). The dockyard fitted
plates of 2" thick high tensile steel over her magazines. Also 2 further
quadruple 2 pounder pom poms and a 20mm Oerlikon were fitted.
November
24th - Sailed
from Plymouth for Scapa Flow escorted by destroyers BEVERLEY and OAKLEY (1). En
route they ran into a force 9 gale that slowed their progress.
27th - Arrived
at Scapa where she joined the 3rd Battle Squadron, Home Fleet. Commenced working
up exercises.
December
At Scapa
carrying out working up exercises.
(On the
3/12/41 Admiral Phillips the CinC of Force Z signalled the Admiralty from
Singapore asking for the REVENGE and ROYAL SOVEREIGN and later added
RAMILLIES and RESOLUTION to be sent to Singapore)
1 9 4 2
January
Nominated as
ocean escort for troop convoy WS 15.
4th - Arrived
off Gourock in the Clyde.
5th - Hoisted
the flag of Vice Admiral William Eric Campbell Tait CB, MVO, RN as CinC the
embryo 3rd Battle Squadron of the Eastern Fleet.
10th - The
Admiral attended the convoy conference held ashore at Gourock. After the
conference RESOLUTION sailed from the Clyde for Milford Haven escorted by
destroyers ANTHONY and GARLAND
11th - Arrived
at Milford Haven and refuelled.
12th - Sailed
from Milford Haven escorted by destroyers ANTHONY, GARLAND and HMAS NORMAN and
set course to join convoy WS 15 approximately 500 miles north of the Azores on
15/1/42. On rounding the south of Ireland they ran into a force 10 south
westerly gale.
(Because
of the gale, that was also being experienced by the convoy, and because of a
D/F bearing of a U-Boat transmission picked up by ANTHONY, emanating from
the location of the RV, the Admiralty altered the RV position to take
account of the gale and the U-Boat position)
15th - At 1000
hours RESOLUTION and her escorts arrived at the new RV and found nothing
following which she set a southerly course to try to locate the convoy.
16th - At 0900
hours the Admiralty signalled that the convoy had been reported by a U-Boat.
This signal was followed by a signal from the destroyer BOREAS, an escort with
WS 15, stating that the MV LLANGIBBY CASTLE, 11951 tons with 1149 troops
embarked had been torpedoed in the stern (the torpedo had been fired
by U 402 in position 46-04N, 19-06W, 700 miles north east of the Azores).
RESOLUTION detached GARLAND from her screen to investigate.
Later in the day RESOLUTION detached ANTHONY from her screen to assist the
damaged LLANGIBBY CASTLE.
17th - At 0900
hours 360 miles north east of the Azores RESOLUTION and NORMAN joined convoy WS
15 and its escort of AMC's ASCANIA and CHESHIRE, Dutch cruiser HNethMS JACOB van
HEEMSKERCK and destroyers BOREAS and the Turkish DEMIRHISAR (DEMIRHISAR was
manned by an RN crew and was en route to Turkey).
At 1400 hours BOREAS and DEMIRHISAR were detached ahead to Ponta Delgada to
refuel.
18th - At 1400
hours JACOB van HEEMSKERCK was detached to refuel at Ponta Delgada.
At 1830 hours when WS 15 was south west of Sao Miguel Island NORMAN was detached
to refuel at Ponta Delgada.
19th - BOREAS
rejoined WS 15.
20th - JACOB van
HEEMSKERCK rejoined WS 15.
21st - At 1500
hours 350 miles north of the Cape Verde Islands the destroyer VANSITTART joined
WS 15 from Freetown.
At 1830 hours RESOLUTION detached from WS 15 and went ahead to RV with the RFA
tanker RAPIDOL.
22nd - At 0800
hours RESOLUTION RVed with RAPIDOL and her escort the corvette JASMINE to carry
out a refuelling. However due to the sea state she was unable to refuel so the
three vessels moved south to the lee of Sal Island, Cape Verde Islands where it
was hoped weather conditions would allow refuelling.
23rd - The plan
was to refuel outside the territorial waters of Sal Island but on arrival it was
found that the sea state was still to bad for refuelling and with RESOLUTION's
fuel state now critical they moved inshore.
At 0930 hours in Murdeira Bay, Sal Island refuelling was commenced.
At 1245 hours RESOLUTION sailed, unescorted, for Freetown.
25th - At 0830
hours RESOLUTION was joined by the destroyer VIMY from Freetown.
At 1730 hours RESOLUTION and VIMY arrived at Freetown.
At Freetown Vice Admiral Tait struck his flag and moved ashore to become CinC
South Atlantic.
26th - Hoisted
the flag of Vice Admiral Sir Algernon Usborne Wills RN as the new CinC of the
3rd Battle Squadron of the Eastern Fleet and 2ic of Eastern Fleet.
29th - At 1400
hours WS 15 sailed from Freetown for the Cape, escorted by RESOLUTION, CHESHIRE,
NORMAN and DEMIRHISAR.
February
9th - North east
of Cape Town RESOLUTION, CHESHIRE and DEMIRHISAR in company with troopships
LACONIA,
ORONTES and PASTEUR the MT ships ELISABETH BAKKE and DORSET and the Dutch
submarine depot ship HNethMS
COLOMBIA detached from WS
15 for Cape Town.
10th - At 0800
hours they arrived at Cape Town.
(The
intention had been that she would proceed to Singapore. However the news
from Singapore was bad the Japanese troops had landed on Singapore Island on
the night of 8 - 9 February and end appeared near. The British forces in
Singapore surrendered at 2030/15/2/42)
March
11th - Sailed
from Cape Town for Durban.
13th - Arrived
at Durban, refueled and sailed for Kilindini.
18th - Arrived
at Kilindini.
25th - Arrived
at Colombo.
26th -
RESOLUTION (
wearing
flag of Vice Admiral Sir A U Wills RN
Second in Command, Eastern Fleet and CinC
3rd Battle Squadron) sailed from Colombo
in company with HM Battleships RAMILLIES, REVENGE and ROYAL SOVEREIGN, forming
the 3rd Battle Squadron, to carry out tactical and gunnery exercises at Addu
Atoll.
28th – The 3rd
Battle Squadron arrived at Addu Athol (at that time known as Port T), where they
joined aircraft carrier
INDOMITABLE, destroyers FORTUNE, FOXHOUND, GRIFFIN, DECOY, HMAS
NAPIER, NORMAN and NIZAM, and the Dutch HNethMS
ISAAC SWEERS.
(Admiral
Somerville had arrived from the UK on 24th March and took command of a
disparate fleet of 29 vessels. He decided to divide his Fleet into a fast
division, Force A, and a slow division, Force B. RESOLUTION was placed in
Force B. On 28/3/42 Admiral Somerville received an intelligence report from
the
Far Eastern Combined Bureau (FECB), who were reading the Japanese code
JN-25B, that a Japanese Naval Force intended to
carry out an air attack on Ceylon on or about 1st April.
Somerville believed the
Japanese would attack Colombo and Trincomalee, simultaneously, and he
estimated that their launch point would be about 5- 20N, 80-53E roughly 100
miles southeast of Ceylon, and approximately 180 to 200 miles from both
ports.
Air searches
by Catalina aircraft were therefore organized to a distance of 420 miles
from Colombo, between the bearings of 110¡ and 154¡, the direction from
which the Japanese were expected to approach
)
29th - Sailed
from Addu Atoll in company with HM Battleships RAMILLIES, REVENGE, ROYAL
SOVEREIGN, INDOMITABLE,
FORTUNE, FOXHOUND, GRIFFIN, DECOY, NAPIER,
NORMAN, NIZAM and ISAAC SWEERS.
31st - At 1600
hours off the south coast of Ceylon the various elements of the Eastern Fleet
RVed at 4-40N 81-00E. The Fleet was divided into Force A and Force B. Force B
comprised RESOLUTION, RAMILLIES, REVENGE, ROYAL SOVEREIGN, aircraft carrier
HERMES, cruisers CALEDON, DRAGON and Dutch Cruiser HNethMS JACOB VAN HEEMSKERCK
and destroyers ARROW, DECOY, FORTUNE, SCOUT, HMAS NORMAN and VAMPIRE and the
Dutch ISAAC SWEERS. The Fleet then commenced patrolling off the south of Ceylon,
sweeping east during the day and west during the night.
April
2nd - (Late
in the evening, without any sighting of the Japanese being reported and with
several of his fleet requiring replenishment, including the R Class battleships,
Somerville decided to withdraw his fleet to Addu Atoll)
At 1300 hours FORTUNE detached to search for survivors from the British
freighter MV GLENSHIEL 9415 grt that was sunk by the Japanese submarine I 7 in
position 00-48S, 78-32E.
At 2100 hours the fast group, Force A withdrew first, immediately followed by
Force B, less HERMES and VAMPIRE who went to Trincomalee.
4th - At 1500
hours as Force B arrived at Addu Atoll.
(At 1630
hours a sighting report timed at 1605 hours, was received from Catalina L of
413 Sqd. RCAF, flown by SL L. J. Birchall, of a large Japanese force
steering north-westward in position 0-40N, 83-10E, 360 miles 155¡ from
Dondra Head .Whilst making the sighting report the Catalina was attacked by
12 Zeros and shot down)
5th - At 0700
hours Force B sailed from Addu Atoll
6th - At 0720
hours approximately 150 miles NNE of Addu Atoll Force A and B combined. Then
sailed east.
(At this
time Somerville didn’t know where the Japanese Fleet was. But Somerville was
concerned that the Japanese might be heading for Addu Atoll)
At 1115 hours
the Fleet altered course to the south east towards the position of the wreckage
reported the previous evening.
At 1800 hours course was reversed to the NE.
7th – At 0200
hours the Fleet altered course to the west.
At 0428
hours A.S.V. equipped aircraft located two submarines in positions 2-08N, 75-16E
and 2-46N, 75-10E; i.e. to the southward of the course of the Fleet.
(Somerville
considered that this indicated the possibility of an enemy submarine patrol
having been established to cover the eastern approaches to Addu. He
therefore decided to pass through the Veimandu Channel to the west of the
Maldives and make an unexpected approach to Addu Atoll from the west)
At 0700 the
Fleet was
almost back at the position it had been 24 hours previously and
course of the fleet was altered to 210 degrees.
The Fleet
then sailed for Addu Atoll by a circuitous route.
(In the
early hours of 7/4/42 the Admiralty signalled Somerville that their policy
of discouraging the Japanese from entering the Indian Ocean in force had
failed and they further realized that the Eastern Fleet was inferior in all
respects to the Japanese Fleet. The R Class battleships were in this respect
considered more of a liability than an asset due to their slow speed and
poor anti-aircraft armament. Therefore Somerville was given discretion to
withdraw them to Africa)
8th - At 1100
hours the Fleet arrived back at Addu Atoll.
Refuelling commenced, Force B being
refueled first.
(At 1517 hours a
RAF Catalina made a sighting report of Japanese battleships and aircraft carrier
approximately 600 miles east of Dondra Head. This report came in whilst
Somerville was in conference deciding what action he should pursue. He decided,
with the Admiralty’s approval, that due to the enemy’s size and the
preponderance of numbers and quality of his aircraft, the most important duty
was to keep his Fleet in being. Force B was therefore to be sent to Kilindini
and Force A would go to Bombay)
9th – At 0200
hours Force B now comprising, RESOLUTION, RAMILLIES, REVENGE, ROYAL SOVEREIGN,
CALEDON and destroyers ARROW, FORTUNE, GRIFFIN, HOTSPUR and ISAAC SWEERS sailed
from Addu Atoll for Kilindini.
14th – Force B
arrived at Kilindini.
27th -
RESOLUTION, CALEDON, DRAGON, FORTUNE, GRIFFIN, and HOTSPUR sailed from Kilindini
to carry out a patrol to the Seychelles.
May
2nd -
RESOLUTION, CALEDON, DRAGON, FORTUNE, GRIFFIN, and HOTSPUR arrived at Victoria
refueled and sailed for Kilindini.
6th -
RESOLUTION, CALEDON, DRAGON, FORTUNE, GRIFFIN, and HOTSPUR arrived back at
Kilindini.
12th -
RESOLUTION, ARROW and FOXHOUND sailed from Kilindini for Durban.
18th -
RESOLUTION, ARROW and FOXHOUND arrived at Durban.
23rd - At 1000
hours RESOLUTION sailed from Durban with the 6 vessels of the Durban section of
convoy WS 18.
At 1400 hours 50 miles south east of Durban the Cape Town section of WS 18,
escorted by the cruiser FROBISHER joined the Durban section and the combined
convoy of 7 troopships, 3 MT ships and a tanker set course for the Mozambique
channel.
24th - At 1200
hours the seaplane carrier ALBATROSS escorting the Dutch troopship MV MARNIX VAN SINT ALDEGONDE caught up with and joined WS 18.
At 2355 hours FROBISHER with the troopship RMS LLANDAFF CASTLE detached from WS
18 for Diego Suarez.
30th - At 1500
hours 100 miles east of Kilindini the cruisers EMERALD and ENTERPRISE joined WS
18 and RESOLUTION and ALBATROSS detached for Kilindini.
At 2200 hours RESOLUTION and ALBATROSS arrived at Kilindini.
June
11th -
RESOLUTION, the AMC CORFU and the netlayer GUARDIAN sailed from Kilindini to RV
with convoy CM 28 and take over the escort of CM 28 from FROBISHER, who then
detached for Kilindini.
13th - GUARDIAN
detached from CM 28 for Addu Atoll.
16th - The
troopship SS ASCANIUS detached from CM 28 for Aden.
21st -
RESOLUTION and CORFU with convoy CM 28 arrived at Bombay.
(RESOLUTION had
a new Captain when Captain John Walter Durnford RN took over from Captain Arthur
Robert Halfhide RN CBE)
August
16th -
RESOLUTION (
wearing
flag of Vice Admiral Sir A U Wills RN
Second in Command, Eastern Fleet and CinC 3rd Battle
Squadron), ROYAL SOVEREIGN, VALIANT, DAUNTLESS and destroyers
GRIFFIN, FOXHOUND, DECOY,
BLACKMORE and HMAS NORMAN and NIZAM, known as Force B, sailed from Kilindini to
RV with Force A of the Eastern Fleet to carry out tactical exercises.
17th - Force B
R'Ved with Force A that comprised battleship WARSPITE (wearing the flag of CinC
Eastern Fleet), aircraft carrier ILLUSTRIOUS (wearing the flag of Rear Admiral
Aircraft Carriers, Eastern Fleet), cruisers MAURITIUS and
JACOB van HEEMSKERK and
destroyers HMAS
NAPIER (Commodore (D)), INCONSTANT, ACTIVE
and FORTUNE. For these exercises Force A was placed under the charge of Rear
Admiral Commanding Aircraft carriers. Exercises were carried out throughout the
day.
At the end of the exercises ILLUSTRIOUS with two destroyers detached from the
fleet and proceeded to Tanga to disembark aircraft. The remainder of the Fleet
headed for Kilindini.
18th - At 0900
hours the Fleet arrived at Kilindini.
29th -
Sailed from
Kilindini as part of a force comprising battleships WARSPITE (CinC Eastern
Fleet), RESOLUTION, VALIANT, cruisers GAMBIA, ENTERPRISE, JACOB VAN HEEMSKERCK
and destroyers GRIFFIN, DECOY, INCONSTANT, FORTUNE, FOXHOUND, HMAS NAPIER and
NEPAL and HMNethS VAN GALEN and TJERK HIDDES. To carry out Operation TOUCHSTONE.
(Operation
TOUCHSTONE was an exercise to test out the defenses of East Africa against a
seaborne Japanese invasion and, also, to provide cover for the operation and
a dress rehearsal for the forthcoming Madagascar operations [STREAM, LINE
and JANE]. Royal Marines and naval landing parties from the naval force were
to make landings at Tanga, Dar es Salaam, and Zanzibar Island)
30th - Operating
off the East African coast in approximate position 6S, 41E. Covering Operation
TOUCHSTONE.
After nightfall returned to Kilindini.
September -
October
At Kilindini.
November
Early in the
month RESOLUTION sailed for Durban for a short refit.
30th - Refit
completed.
December
Arrived back at
Kilindini.
1 9 4 3
January
At Kilindini.
February
3rd -
Force A of the
Eastern Fleet consisting of WARSPITE, REVENGE, RESOLUTION, cruiser MAURITIUS and
destroyers ROTHERHAM, QUILLIAM, NEPAL, NIZAM, FOXHOUND sailed from Kilindini for
operations in the Indian Ocean
(Part of
the operation was to provide distant cover for Operation PAMPHLET. This was
the code name for the troop convoy that carried the 9th AIF Division from
the Middle East back to Sydney, Australia. The convoy sailed from Suez on
4/2/43 and arrived at Addu Atoll on 9/2/42 and sailed from Addu Atoll on
10/2/42)
11th - At 0240
hours Force A comprising WARSPITE, RESOLUTION, REVENGE, MAURITIUS, NEPAL,
NORMAN, ROTHERHAM, and NIZAM arrived at Addu Atoll.
At 0250 hours QUILLIAM and FOXHOUND arrived at Addu Atoll having provided local
escort for PAMPHLET.
13th - Force A
less MAURITIUS sailed from Addu Atoll for Port Victoria, Seychelles.
18th - Force A
arrived at Port Victoria to refuel. After refuelling Force A sailed for
Kilindini.
20th - Force A
comprising WARSPITE, REVENGE, RESOLUTION, ROTHERHAM, FOXHOUND, NIZAM, QUILLIAM,
NORMAN and NEPAL arrived at Kilindini.
March
- April
At Kilindini.
May
3rd -
RESOLUTION
escorted by destroyers NIZAM and QUICKMATCH sailed from Kilindini for Durban.
9th - RESOLUTION
and destroyers NIZAM and QUICKMATCH arrived at Durban.
12th - At Durban
where RESOLUTION taken in hand for a short refit and docking.
June
At Durban
undergoing refit.
15th -
RESOLUTION escorted by destroyers RACEHORSE, RELENTLESS and ROTHERHAM sailed
from Durban for Kilindini.
18th - At 20¼ S
in the Mozambique Channel the RESOLUTION force RVed with REVENGE and destroyers
NAPIER and QUIBERON who were sailing south to Durban.
RELENTLESS and ROTHERHAM detached from RESOLUTION and joined REVENGE.
RESOLUTION continued towards Kilindini escorted by RACEHORSE and NAPIER.
21st -
RESOLUTION, RACEHORSE and NAPIER arrived at Kilindini.
July
At Kilindini.
15th - The
French battleship FS LORRAINE, cruisers FS SUFFREN and DUGUAY TROUIN arrived
Kilindini from Aden.
(These
ships, part of the force known as French Force X, had been at Alexandria
when France surrendered and had subsequently been disarmed. On 30/5/43 the
French CinC of the Alexandria force, Vice Admiral Godfroy, agreed to turn
the ships over to the Algerian Government which in effect meant they joined
the Allied cause)
17th -
RESOLUTION, LORRAINE, SUFFREN, DUGUAY TROUIN escorted by destroyers NAPIER,
NEPAL, RACEHORSE, RELENTLESS and ROTHERHAM sailed from Kilindini for Durban.
21st - At 20¼ S
in the Mozambique Channel the RESOLUTION force RVed with destroyers QUICKMATCH
and QUIBERON.
NEPAL and RELENTLESS detached and returned to Kilindini.
24th -
RESOLUTION, LORRAINE, SUFFREN, DUGUAY TROUIN with destroyers NAPIER, RELENTLESS,
ROTHERHAM, QUICKMATCH and QUIBERON arrived at Durban.
RESOLUTION and REVENGE were nominated to return to the UK.
September
9th - RESOLUTION
and REVENGE arrived in the Clyde and were decommissioned and placed in reserve.
October -
December
In reserve.
1 9 4 4
January to
March
RESOLUTION at
Southampton in reserve. At Southampton she was attached to HMS SHRAPNEL II which
was a stokers training establishment.
April
27th - Capt.
Royer Mylius Dick, CBE, DSC, RN appointed as her captain. (In 1924 Captain Dick
had been the Flag Lieutenant & the 2nd Battle Squadron Signals Officer, on
RESOLUTION)
May
12th - At
Gareloch RESOLUTION and REVENGE were commissioned as HMS IMPERIEUSE II a stokers
training establishment. IMPERIEUSE II was only an administrative name; they kept
their own names.
During her time
in the Clyde her main armament was removed to provide spares for the bombardment
vessels that were to be involved in Operation Neptune.
June to
November
At Gareloch.
The decision was
taken to move the stokers training establishment to Devonport. RESOLUTION and
REVENGE were prepared for towing to Devonport.
December
11th -
RESOLUTION and REVENGE arrived at Devonport and for administrative purposes were
commissioned as HMS IMPERIEUSE a stokers training establishment.
1 9 4 5
January to
August
At Devonport as
part of the stokers training establishment.