Improved
SOUTHAMPTON-Class heavy cruiser ordered on
15th August 1936 from Harland and Wolff at
Belfast under the 1936 Estimates on with
sister ship HMS EDINBURGH from Swan Hunter
in Newcastle. The ship
was laid down on 30th December 1936 and
launched on 31st March 1938 as the 1st RN
ship to carry this name.
Build was completed on 3rd August 1939 and
she joined the Home Fleet for working-up
before outbreak of
war. This cruiser was not adopted by a civil
community as a result of a WARSHIP WEEK
National Savings campaign during 1941 and
1942 as she was out of commission and
undergoing extensive repair (See below).
1
9 3 9
July
Contractors trials
August
3rd
Build completion and commenced
Acceptance Trials.
5th
Commissioned for service in Home Fleet.
On completion of trials and storing
worked-up for service in Home waters.
September
Joined HM Cruisers AURORA, EDINBURGH and
SHEFFIELD in 18th Cruiser
Squadron, Home Fleet for interception of
German warships and blockade runners
in NW Approaches.
October
Deployed for patrol in NW Approaches to
intercept blockade runners.
5th
Intercepted Swedish whaling ship which
was allowed to proceed.
7th
Intercepted Swedish mercantile
LILJEVATCH which was also allowed to
proceed.
9th
Intercepted and boarded Norwegian
mercantile TAI YIN.
(Note: Mercantile taken to Kirkwall for
examination.).
Intercepted and captured German Liner
CAP NORTE (13,000 CRT).
(Note: This was the largest enemy
mercantile captured during WW2).
Escorted CAP NORTE to Shetlands and on
relief by HM Cruiser DEHLI resumed
patrol
and surveillance in NW Approaches.
For details of naval activities in Home
waters in 1939 see Naval Staff History).
November
Squadron deployment in continuation.
21st
Sailed with HM Cruisers AURORA,
EDINBURGH and SHEFFIELD to carry out a
search for
German warships reported on passage to
attack convoy traffic in Atlantic.
On departure from Rosyth detonated
magnetic mine in Firth of Forth and
sustained major damage.
(Note: The explosion caused major
'whipping' of ships structure and as a
result equipment was
damaged throughout her length and her
back was broken.
For details see ENGAGE THE ENEMY MORE
CLOSELY by C Barnett and
A CENTURY OF NAVAL CONSTRUCTION by David
Brown).
Returned to Rosyth.
23rd
Under temporary repair by HM Dockyard to
allow passage for permanent repair
December
Under repair at Rosyth
1
9 4 0
January
Under repair at Rosyth.
to
April
May
Prepared for passage to Devonport for
permanent repair.
June
Passage to Devonport.
Paid off into Dockyard Control.
July
Under Dockyard control and placed in dry
dock.
August
Under repair
to
(Note: Work including fitting of
external bulge around centre armour.
December
This added 2ft 6 inches to beam and
increased displacement
Although stability was improved speed
was reduced by 2 knots.)
1
9 4 1
January
Under repair.
to
(Note: Radar equipment was installed for
the first time to provide warning of
December
approach of aircraft (Type 281) and for
detection of surface targets and
land (Type 273).Fire control Radar for
main (Type 284) and secondary
AA armament was also fitted (Types 283
and 285).
1
9 4 2
January
Under repair
to
(Note: Radar equipment was progressively
installed with latest modification.)
September
Ship undocked during this period.
October
Commissioned for service in Home Fleet
and carried out post refit trials.
November
Post refit trials in continuation and
took passage to Scapa Flow to work-up
for
service in 10th Cruiser Squadron, Home
Fleet.
Deployed with Squadron in NW Approaches
for cover of Russian convoys and for the
interception of German warships and
commerce raiders during their passage to
Atlantic
for attacks on convoys.
December
Work-up with Home Fleet in continuation
prior to joined 10th Cruiser Squadron.
(Note: Squadron comprised HM Cruisers
BELFAST, SHEFFIELD and CUMBERLAND).
1
9 4 3
January
Deployed with Squadron in NW Approaches
and North Sea in continuation.
(Note: An early production model of
Radar Type 273 had been fitted by this
date.
See RADAR AT SEA by D Howse.)
February Passage
to Loch Ewe to join Force R covering
passage of Russian Convoy JW53-
Flagship of Force R commanded by Rear
Admiral R Burnett.
14th
Departure from Loch Ewe with HM Cruiser
SHEFFIELD and CUMBERLAND delayed
due to a defective capstan (See CONVOY !
by P Kemp).
16th
Sailed to join Force R.
18th
Arrived at Seidisfjord but unable to
enter to refuel.
Passage to Akureyi
(Note: The extreme weather conditions
during the passage to Iceland caused
major
structural damage to HMS SHEFFIELD which
was withdrawn from Force 'R’
for repair in UK.
HM Cruiser NORFOLK replaced HMS
SHEFFIELD.)
21st
Sailed with Force R to join JW53.
23rd
Detached from Convoy with Force R to
investigate report of surface threat.
No contact made and rejoined JW53-
26th
Left convoy on arrival near Kola Inlet.
(Note: Air attacks were limited and only
one mercantile was damaged).
For details of all Russian Convoy
operations see CONVOYS TO RUSSIA by
R A Ruegg, THE RUSSIAN CONVOYS by B
Schoefield, CONVOY ! by
P Kemp and ARCTIC CONVOYS by R.
Woodman).
March
2nd
Deployed with Force R to cover passage of
returning Convoy RA53-
9th
Detached from RA53 and returned to Scapa
Flow.
April
Squadron interception and patrol duty in
continuation.
May
26th
Provided Ocean Escort for HM Auxiliary
Minelayers AGAMEMNON, MENESTHEUS and
PORT QUEBEC of 1st Minelaying Squadron
during passage for minelay in Northern
Barrage.
(Operation SN123B - See Naval Staff
History (Mining).).
June
11th
Escorted HMS AGAMEMNON, HMS MENESTHEUS and
HMS PORT QUEBEC during
minelay in the Northern Barrage (Operation
SN123C).
July
Deployed with Squadron in NW Approaches
and North Sea.
Took part in demonstration sweep by Home
Fleet off Norway as diversion during the
HUSKY allied assault landings in Sicily
(Operation CAMERA).
(Note: HM King George VI visited Home
Fleet at Scapa Flow after this
operation).
August
Home Fleet interception and patrol
duties with Squadron in continuation.
to
September
October
4th
Deployed as escort for HM Battleships
DUKE OF YORK and ANSON with US cruiser
USS
TUSCALOOSA to cover US Aircraft Carrier
USS RANGER during air attacks on coastal
convoys and shipping in harbour at Bodo,
Norway (Operation LEADER).
(Note: USS TUSCALOOSA had been loaned to
Home Fleet - See ENGAGE THE ENEMY
MORE CLOSELY.)
November
2nd
Provided cruiser cover with HMS KENT and
HMS NORFOLK for passage of the returning
Russian Convoy RA54A.
(Note: This was first west bound convoy
of winter season.)
8th
Detached from RA54A which had an
undetected passage
28th
Deployed with HMS ANSON, screened by HM
Destroyers ASHANTI, MATCHLESS,
MUSKETEER and OBDURATE to provide Distant
Cover during passage of Russian Convoy
JW54B and also returning Convoy RA54B.
(Note: Replaced USS TUSCALOOSA).
December
2nd
Resumed Squadron duties after release
from convoy cover.
Returned to Scapa Flow.
15th
Provided Cruiser Cover for the passage
of Russian Convoys JW55A with HM
Cruisers
NORFOLK and SHEFFIELD.
19th
Detached from JW55A to join HMS DUKE OF
YORK and Home Fleet ships at Kola Inlet.
22nd
Sailed with HMS NORFOLK and HMS
SHEFFIELD to provide cover for passage
of Convoy
JW55B and returning Convoy RA55A
26th
Made radar contact with German
SCHARNHORST and engaged with HMS NORFOLK
and
HMS SHEFFIELD as Force 1.
Took part in Battle of North Cape.
(For details see KOLA RUN by I Campbell
and D MacIntyre, 73 NORTH BY Dudley Pope
and above references).
Fired torpedoes at the stricken German
warship.
(Note: SCHARNHORST was almost certainly
sunk after torpedo hits. Her armour had
protected her from fatal damage and she
had withstood a total of 2, 195 rounds
of
various calibres of shell. In all 35
torpedoes were fired and 11 hits were
claimed.
See BRITISH BATTLESHIPS OF WW2 by A
Raven and J Roberts).
After the sinking of SCHARNHORST took
passage to Kola Inlet with HMS NORFOLK
and
HMS SHEFFIELD.
27th
Arrived at Kola Inlet.
Kola
Inlet (NP/Alan for Mr S Vallely)
1
9 4 4
January
Passage to Scapa Flow.
(Note: Rear Admiral Burnett was awarded
a KBE on January 4th).
Resumed Squadron duties in Home Fleet.
February
Home Fleet interception and patrol
duties at Scapa Flow.
to
(Note: Russian Convoys JW56A&B and
return Convoy RA56 were on passage
during
March
the period but cruiser cover recorded in
above references does not include this
ship.
It is however recorded in HITLER’S
U-BOAT WAR by C Blair.)
April
3rd
Joined HM Battleships ANSON and DUKE OF
YORK with HM Cruisers ROYALIST,
SHEFFIELD and JAMAICA as covering force
during air attacks by HM Aircraft
Carrier VICTORIOUS on German battleship
TIRPITZ in Altenfjord, the passage of
Russian Convoy JW58 and returning Convoy
RA58 (Operation TUNGSTEN).
10th
On return to Scapa Flow prepared for
refit.
May
Under refit
Nominated for support of allied landings
in Normandy (Operation NEPTUNE).
On completion joined HM Cruiser DIADEM
in Bombarding Force E as Flagship of
Rear
Admiral Dalrymple-Hamilton.
(Note: Target allocated in Pre-Arranged
Fire Plan - Gun Battery at
Ver-sur-Mere.and to
provide naval gunfire support for
landings on JUNO Beach.
Took part in bombardment exercises with
Home Fleet ships prior to gunfire
support and
Eastern Task Force deployment in Force J
Passage to Clyde to join Bombardment
Force E.
June
Joined HMS DIADEM in Clyde estuary.
3rd
Sailed with HMS DIADEM escorted by HM
Destroyers ULSTER and URCHIN as Convoy
G14.
4th
Operation delayed for 24 hours. Remained
at sea in SW Approaches.
5th
Sailed through swept channel from Solent
to JUNO beachhead with Convoy G11.
6th
Provided naval gunfire support for
assault on LOVE Beach.
to
Deployed in Eastern Task Force Area for
gunfire support.
28th
Provided naval gunfire support during
military attacks on Caen with HM
Battleship
RODNEY, HM Monitor ROBERTS, HM Cruisers
ARGONAUT and DIADEM.
July
Remained in Channel area for naval
gunfire support on completion of
NEPTUNE.
Provided naval gunfire support to
military operations on eastern flank of
assault area.
Nominated for service with British
Pacific Fleet after refit.
August
Taken in hand for refit.
September
Under refit.
to
(Note: During this refit extensive
modernisation of fighter direction and
Anti-Aircraft
December
protection took place for service in the
Far East
Radar Type 281B using single mast
replaced Type 281 for air cover.
Radar Type 293 replaced Radar Type 273Q
for surface warning.
Radar Type 274 replaced Radar Type 284
for main armament fire-control.
Interrogation equipment (IFF) and modern
plan position radar displays (PPI)
were fitted together with improved radio
telephone equipment for control of
aircraft.
1
9 4 5
January
Under refit
to
March
April
Post refit trials and passage to join
Home Fleet.
May
Deployed at Scapa Flow for work-up prior
to service with British Pacific Fleet.,
to
June
July
Passage to join British Pacific Fleet
August
After end of hostilities diverted to
join British Task Force 111 in South
China Sea.
(Note: TF111 was formed after British
ships ware released from US Navy
control).
Joined HM Light Fleet Aircraft Carrier
COLOSSUS, HM Cruisers ARGONAUT and
BERMUDA, HM Destroyers TYRIAN, TUMULT,
TUSCAN and QUIBERON as
Task Group 111.3
Deployed for support of rehabilitation
of allied nationals held in China.
Arrived at Shanghai with HMS ARGONAUT
for re-occupation duty and repatriation
of
British subjects
with
thanks to his son, John Gresson (13 Mar
2011)